"Fair share" = the least amount of money it takes to run a government divided by a consumption tax on anyone who buys anything.
CallIng the Morman church a charity is a bastardation of the word. Percentage wise I paid my fair share more than Romney did. My next dollar shouldn't be taxed more than Romneys next dollar. Checkmate.
It's not just theoretical or ideological: if we abolish or restrict the capital gains tax, investment will plummet and people's pensions/savings will suffer big losses. Not to mention unemployment going up because hiring will be stifled as companies will have a harder time raising money to expand. We need a globally competitive (ie, lower, at least at the marginal side) tax structure or else we will continue to bleed jobs abroad.
Employees usually pay 50% of the FICA taxes. Employers pay the other 50%. I say usually because the last two years, with the temporary payroll tax reduction, employees have paid 5.65% in FICA taxes (4.2% for Social Security, and 1.45% for Medicare). There is an income limit ($110,100) on the Social Security tax because there is also a benefit limit. There is no wage limit on the Medicare tax.