I wrote this a few years ago but thought it was worth a repost. It seems popular. http://morganisteconomics.blogspot.co.uk/2011/03/resource-based-pricing-over-demand.html?q=resource
There are a few ways they could do it. The front runner is to monitor the scarcity of certain commodities and impose price tariffs on them. This could be performed by an independent or governmental body, similar to the environmental digest. If the prices are not imposed the body or government could charge penalty fines for lack of compliance.
There is no such thing as "demand-based pricing." All pricing is done at the nexus of supply and demand. Ye ol' Q_d = Q_s. "Resource-based pricing" -- all pricing, to the extent that it balances goods/services on the part of suppliers, with goods/services/cash on the part of consumers -- is "resource-based pricing. "Capital" -- whether cash, education, real estate, Good Will, ready-to-roll cement trucks -- whatever! Capital is resources are capital. ALL TRADING is capital-trading. We all seek the best return on our capital -- our educational capital, our investment/trading capital, our automobile (depreciating!) capital -- whatever! Whether you're deciding on whether to build a restaurant or a movie theater -- or whether you're trying to pick the evening's dinner+a_movie date -- WE'RE ALL MAKING resource choices -- over our capital. Some people call Capitalism evil. They have not exactly thought that through. They are saying, "People who make smart choices about deploying their resources, ARE EVIL." Maybe we should, just for 50 or 100 years or so, just change the name?? We'll call it Resource-ism, and call out the Childrens' Choir, the rainbow-farting unicorns and sunbeam mechanics, and have them get to work on it. Sheeeesh.
The relationship between supply and demand is different to what you think. If you ask a university lecturer or professor of economics they will tell you there is no direct relationship between supply and demand. Price is the mechanism that interlinks them, only when money is taken out of the equation and you have a barter system do the two become directly linked. The element of price, the reflection of money in the equation, can be impacted by many different factors. One factor is taxation, you can see that effect with the use of VAT when the price of purchasing a good increases to bring in government revenue. Taxation can be used as a deterrent or an independent body could fine sellers who do not increase prices at request. An example in the free market is the price fixing of fizzy drinks at bars. The unit cost of a drink is 8p or 10 cents the sale price is much greater £2.00 or $2.50. The price has risen to maintain the reputation of the brand. This same mechanism can be used to maintain the goods and resources in the environment, fixing prices and fining if there not, sustainment.
Tom taught college economics and supply and demand are based on perceived value which factors in your named variables and more.
"When naturalist A. R. Wallace was exploring the Malay Archipelago he planned to obtain food through barter but he found that indigenous people did not want the commodities he brought; Wallace nearly starved." - Extreme Money