I remember reading a story that might be called the "Banking Dilemma". It goes like this: Suppose all mankind was on an isolated island. There are only two businesses on the island plus one bank. Everyone works for one or the other business. There is a fixed amount of money on the island, say a total of $ 100 and it is all in the bank. The bank loans each business $ 50 at an interest rate of 5 % per year. So after a year each borrower must repay $ 52.50 or a total of $ 105 to the bank. The problem is there is only $ 100 in existence. It is not possible for all borrowers to repay the loan. It means eventually the bank owns one or both businesses. One solution is for The Government to increase the money supply - that means create money from nothing - at a rate of about 5 % / year. The Government purchases goods and services from businesses, introducing new money into the businesses. This is a very simple model and ignores other forms of wealth (food, fuel, medicine), mechanisms of wealth creation such as agriculture (growing food), discovery (such as finding oil), invention (such as nuclear energy), and money creation by stock and bond bull markets.