God is...

Discussion in 'Religion and Spirituality' started by studentofthemarkets, Jul 3, 2021.

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  1. Overnight

    Overnight

    All the stuff you have been typing.

    This would actually be a great thing to talk about on Skype or Phone or whatever. Send me a PM, and we may engage on this topic.
     
    #161     Sep 28, 2021
  2.  
    #162     Sep 29, 2021
  3. stu

    stu

    No faith required.
    Just a broad understanding of how the world actually works, how things really are, rather than the way you might wish and imagine them to be.
     
    #163     Sep 29, 2021
  4. Prove it.
     
    #164     Sep 29, 2021
  5. If I prove it, will you even read it?
     
    #165     Sep 29, 2021
  6. The purpose of prophecy in the bible is given in Isaiah 46:9-10:

    “I am God, and there is none like me, declaring the end from the beginning, and from ancient times the things that are not yet done.”

    Supernatural predictions are evidence provided to us for verification.

    Not a single prophecy from the Bible has been proven false. Many prophecies remain in the future, but all that have come to pass have been verified to be true. Thousand of prophecies from the Bible have been fulfilled.

    An amazing prophecy is found in Revelation 11:9. In 90 A.D., the prediction was made that many nations would view the same event within a few days time. Today, billions of people from around the world simultaneously view the same event through mass communication. When the prediction was made, communication and transportation across the Roman Empire took months of time.

    In 332 B.C., Alexander the Great conquered the island fortress of Tyre by building a causeway from the ruins of the old city. This fulfilled the prophecy in Ezekiel 26:4-5, written hundreds of years before. At the time of Ezekiel, Tyre was the capital of Phoenicia and the island fortress had not yet been built. Ezekiel predicted:

    “They shall destroy the walls of Tyre, and break down her towers: I will also scrape her dust from her, and make her like the top of a rock. It shall be a place for the spreading of nets in the midst of the sea.”

    Two hundred years later, Alexander scraped away everything, leaving bare rock.

    And there are hundreds of fulfilled prophecies related to the birth, life, death and resurrection of Jesus Christ.

    https://www.icr.org/bible-prophecy/
     
    #166     Sep 29, 2021
  7. Whiskey Tango Foxtrot?

    Please have your meds updated.
     
    #167     Sep 29, 2021
  8. So, even if I prove hundreds of prophecies have been accurately fulfilled you are not interested in the truth?

    Whatever. I'll still prove it to you.



    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bible_prophecy
    wikipedia is usually biased against anything supportive of the truth of the Bible, but it did fair enough job here that I'm going to list it. I do NOT agree with all of the interpretations wikipedia offers.

    One "error" listed is under the continuation of the throne of David. The prophecies that say that David's kingly line will endure forever is seen by Christians as being fulfilled in Jesus, a descendant of King David on His mother's side and His adoptive father Joseph's side. Because Jesus is the eternal God, He will be an everlasting King who reigns from Israel on this earth at some time in the future.

    Micah, written hundreds of years before Jesus came to earth wrote that an Ruler would come who is eternal:

    But you, Bethlehem Ephrathah, who are small among the clans of Judah, out of you will come forth for Me One to be ruler over Israel—One whose origins are of old, from the days of eternity. Micah 5:2
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bible_prophecy:

    Hebrew Bible[edit]
    See also: Prophets in Judaism, Jewish eschatology, and Jewish messianism
    Genesis[edit]
    See also: Covenant of the pieces and Greater Israel
    Genesis 15:18 promises Abraham and his descendants the land of Canaan from the river of Egypt to the Euphrates, and Genesis 17:8 states:

    And I will give to you, and to your offspring after you, the land where you are now an alien, all the land of Canaan, for a perpetual holding; and I will be their God.[3]

    F. F. Bruce argues that the fulfilment of this prophecy occurred during David's reign. He writes:

    David's sphere of influence now extended from the Egyptian frontier on the Wadi el-Arish (the "brook of Egypt") to the Euphrates; and these limits remained the ideal boundaries of Israel's dominion long after David's empire had disappeared.[4]

    Christian apologists point to corporate personality here to connect Abraham with the Jewish nation. H. Wheeler Robinson writes:

    Corporate personality is the important Semitic complex of thought in which there is a constant oscillation between the individual and the group – family, tribe, or nation – to which he belongs, so that the king or some other representative figure may be said to embody the group, or the group may be said to sum up the host of individuals.[5]

    Exodus, Deuteronomy, Joshua, and Judges[edit]
    God is represented as guaranteeing that the Israelites would drive out the Amorites, Canaanites, Hittites, Perizzites, Hivites and Jebusites from their lands, which the Israelites wanted to appropriate (Exodus 34:10–11). The same applies to the Girgashites (Deuteronomy 7:1–2). In Exodus 34:10–27, this is referred to as a covenant, commandments being given. In Judges, the Israelites are described as disobeying the commandment to worship no other gods (Judges 3:6) and, as a result, not being able to drive out the Jebusites (Joshua 15:63). The Israelites did not drive all of the Canaanite tribes out in the lifetime of Joshua. The books of Joshua and Judges (Chapters 1) mention towns that could not be defeated. According to 2 Samuel, the Israelites occupied Canaan but the complete seizure took place only when David defeated the Jebusites in Jerusalem and made it the capital of the Kingdom of Israel. (2 Sam 5:6–7)[6]

    Davidic dynasty[edit]
    Main article: Davidic dynasty in Bible prophecy
    God states that the house, throne and kingdom of David and his offspring (called "the one who will build a house for my Name" in the verse) will last forever (2 Samuel 7:12–16; 2 Chronicles 13:5; Psalm 89:20–37). 1 Kings 9:4–7 as well as 1 Chronicles 28:5 and 2 Chronicle 7:17 state that Solomon's establishment is conditional on Solomon obeying God's commandments.

    Solomon built the temple in Jerusalem (2 Chronicles 2:1; 6:7–10) and did not obey God's commandments (1 Kings 11:1–14).

    The destruction of the Kingdom of Judah by Nebuchadnezzar II in 586 BC brought an end to the rule of the royal house of David.[7]

    Some scholars including Saul of Cyrene[who?] state that God has promised an eternal dynasty to David unconditionally (1 Kings 11:36; 15:4; 2 Kings 8:19). They feel the conditional promise of 1 Kings 9:4–7 seems to undercut this unconditional covenant. Most interpreters have taken the expression "throne of Israel" as a reference to the throne of the United Monarchy. They see this as a conditionalization of the unconditional dynastic promise to David's house expressed in 1 Kings 11:36, 15:4 and 2 Kings 8:19. They argue the presence of both unconditional and conditional promises to the house of David would create intense theological dissonance in the Book of Kings.[8][9][10]

    Christians believe that the promise is of surviving descendants that could fulfill the role of king rather than a permanent earthly kingship.[11][12][13][14]

    Kings[edit]
    I am about to hand this city over to the king of Babylon, and he will burn it down. You will not escape from his grasp but will surely be captured and handed over to him. You will see the king of Babylon with your own eyes, and he will speak with you face to face. And you will go to Babylon... You will not die by the sword; you will die peacefully. (Jeremiah 34:2–5)

    However, the Books of Kings and Jeremiah relate that when Zedekiah was captured, his sons were slaughtered before his eyes, his eye's were put out, he was chained in bronze, and taken to babylon where he was imprisoned until death (2 Kings 25:6–7 and Jeremiah 52:10–11). There is no other historical record of what happened with Zedekiah in Babylon.[15]

    • God is also represented as promising Josiah that because he humbled himself before God, he would be "buried in peace" and the book goes on to say he shall not see the disaster to come on Judah (2 Kings 22:19–20).
    Josiah fought against the Egyptians although the pharaoh, Necho II, prophesied that God would destroy him if he did (2 Chronicles 35:21–22)—possibly Josiah was "opposing the faithful prophetic party".[16] Josiah was killed in battle against the Egyptians (2 Kings 23:29–30). However, Judah was in a time of peace when Josiah died, thus fulfilling the prophecy.

    Isaiah[edit]
    Further information: Isaiah 7:14
    • When the Jews heard that "Aram has allied itself with Ephraim" God is said to have told them:
    It will not take place, it will not happen... Within sixty-five years Ephraim will be too shattered to be a people. (Isaiah 7:1–9)

    According to 2 Chronicles 28:5–6 "God delivered the King of the Jews, Ahaz, into the hands of the King of Syria, who carried away a great multitude of them captives to Damascus. And he was also delivered into the hand of the King of Israel, who smote him with a great slaughter".
    In Isaiah 7:9 the prophet says clearly that a prerequisite for the fulfillment of the prophecy is that Ahaz stands firm in his faith. This means that he should trust God and not seek military help in the Assyrians which Ahaz nevertheless did.[17]

    The Book of Isaiah also foretold;

    Christian apologists state that the prophecy in Isaiah chapters 13 and 21 could possibly have been directed originally against Assyria whose capital Nineveh was defeated in 612 BC by a combined onslaught of the Medes and Babylonians. According to this explanation the prophecy was later updated and referred to Babylon[18] not recognizing the rising power of Persia. On the other hand, it can be mentioned that the Persian King Cyrus after overthrowing Media in 550 BC did not treat the Medes as a subject nation.

    Instead of treating the Medes as a beaten foe and a subject nation, he had himself installed as king of Media and governed Media and Persia as a dual monarchy, each part of which enjoyed equal rights.[19]

    • Damascus will become a "heap of ruins. The cities of Aroer will be deserted and left to flocks". (Isaiah 17:1–2)
    The prophecy may date from 735 BC when Damascus and Israel were allied against Judah.[20] Tiglath-Pileser took Damascus in 732 BC,[20] which some apologists point to as a fulfillment of this prophecy, but this campaign never reduced the city to rubble.[citation needed] The depiction of Damascus as a "heap of ruins" has been understood as figurative language to describe the despoiling of the city, the leading of its people as captives to Kir (an unidentified city), and the way that the city lost much of its wealth and political influence in the years following Tiglath-Pileser's attack.[21] The prophecy is also believed by some to have a future fulfilment relating to end-time developments concerning Israel.

    The passage is consistent with 2 Kings 16:9, which states that Assyria defeated the city and exiled the civilians to Kir.

    • The river of Ancient Egypt (identified as the Nile in RSV) shall dry up. (Isaiah 19:5).
    • "The land of Judah shall be a terror unto Egypt." (Isaiah 19:17)
    • "There shall be five cities in Ancient Egypt that speak the Canaanite language." (Isaiah 19:18)
    • "In that day there will be a highway from Egypt to Assyria. The Assyrians will go to Egypt and the Egyptians to Assyria. The Egyptians and Assyrians will worship together. 24 In that day Israel will be the third, along with Egypt and Assyria, a blessing on the earth. 25 The LORD Almighty will bless them, saying, 'Blessed be Egypt my people, Assyria my handiwork, and Israel my inheritance.'" (Isaiah 19:23–25)
    Some theologians argue the statement that the "land of Judah" will terrify the Egyptians is not a reference to a large army from Judah attacking Egypt but a circumlocution for the place where God lives. They argue it is God and his plans that will cause Egypt to be terrified. They go on to argue the second "in that day" message from verse 18 announces the beginning of a deeper relationship between God and Egypt which leads to Egypt's conversion and worshiping God (verses 19–21). They say the last "in that day" prophecy (verses 23–25) speaks about Israel, Assyria and Egypt as God's special people, thus, describing eschatological events.[22][23]

    There are many scholars, however, who point out that the prophet himself spoke of Cyrus arguing that Deutero-Isaiah interpreted Cyrus' victorious entry into Babylon in 539 BC as evidence of divine commission to benefit Israel. The main argument against the idols in these chapters is that they cannot declare the future, whereas God does tell future events like the Cyrus predictions.[26][27][28][29][30]

    Jeremiah[edit]
    Jeremiah prophesied that;

    • "...all nations will gather in Jerusalem to honour the name of the Lord." (3:17 (NIV))
    • Hazor will be desolated. (49:33)
    • The Babylonian captivity would end when the "70 years" ended. (Jeremiah 29:10)
    It lasted 68 years (605 BC–537 BC) from the capture of the land of Israel by Babylon[31] and the exile of a small number of hostages including Daniel, Hananiah, Azariah, and Mishael (Daniel 1:1–4).[32] It lasted 60 years (597–537 BC) from the deportation of the 10,000 elite (2 Kings 24:14) including Jehoiachin and Ezekiel[33] though there is a discrepancy with Jeremiah's numbers of exiles (Jeremiah 52:28–30).[34] It lasted 49 years (586–537 BC) from the exile of the majority of Judah (2 Kings 25:11) including Jeremiah who was taken to Egypt and leaving behind a poor remnant (2 Kings 25:12).[33]
    However, some Christian scholars try to explain the figure in a different way stating that Jeremiah gave a round number.[35]

    Christian commentaries have considered the conquering Persian force an alliance between the Persians and the Medes.[36][37] One suggests the use of the term "Medes" is due to earlier recognition among the Jews and because the generals of Cyrus were apparently Medes.[38]

    [​IMG]
    US Marines in front of Babylon as it stood in 2003
    • Jeremiah prophesied that Babylon would be destroyed at the end of the seventy years. (25:12) (Babylon fell to the Persians under Cyrus in 539 BC (66, 58 or 47 years after the beginning of the Babylonian exile depending on how you count). According to Daniel 5:31, it was the currently unidentified "Darius the Mede" who captured Babylon.)
    • Babylon would never again be inhabited.(50:39) (Saddam Hussein began to reconstruct it in 1985,[39][40] but was abruptly halted by the invasion of Iraq. Iraqi leaders and UN officials now plan to restore Babylon.)[39]
    • "The Levitical priests shall never lack a man in my presence to offer burnt offerings, to burn cereal offerings, and to make sacrifices for ever".
    The destruction of temple by the Romans in 70 brought an end to the Jewish sacrificial system.(33:18) (See Korban) Christians have stated this refers to the millennium in which Christ reigns for a thousand years, since Jeremiah 33:18 goes along with the eternal reign of the line of David in verses 21–22.[41]

    • God will make Jerusalem a heap of ruins, a haunt of jackals; and will lay waste the towns of Judah so no one can live there.(9:11)
    • God will have compassion on Israel and cause them to return to the land after scattering them among the nations (12:14, 15; 31:8–10; 33:7).
    Daniel[edit]
    Further information: Nebuchadnezzar's statue vision in Daniel 2, Belshazzar's Feast, Daniel's Vision of Chapter 7, Daniel's Vision of Chapter 8, abomination of desolation, and Prophecy of Seventy Weeks
    Ezekiel[edit]
    • Ezekiel prophesied the permanent destruction of Tyre. (Ezekiel 26:3–14)
    Tyre was an island fortress-city with mainland villages along the shore.[42] These mainland settlements were destroyed by Nebuchadnezzar II, but after a 13-year siege from 586–573 BC, the King of Tyre made peace with Nebuchadnezzar, going into exile and leaving the island city itself intact.[43] Alexander the Great used debris from the mainland to build a causeway to the island, entered the city, and plundered the city, sacking it without mercy.[44] Most of the residents were either killed in the battle or sold into slavery.[44][45] It was quickly repopulated by colonists and escaped citizens,[46] and later regained its independence.[47] Tyre did eventually enter a period of decline, being reduced to a small remnant. Echoing Ezekiel's words, historian Philip Myers writes in 1889:

    The city never recovered from this blow. The site of the once brilliant maritime capital is now "bare as the top of a rock," a place where the few fishermen that still frequent the spot spread their nets to dry.[48]

    Older sources often refer to the locations as a "fishing village". However, the nearby area grew rapidly in the 20th century. The ruins of a part of ancient Tyre (a protected site) can still be seen on the southern half of the island[49] whereas modern Tyre occupies the northern half and also sprawls across Alexander's causeway and onto the mainland.[50] It is now the fourth largest city in Lebanon[51] with a population of approximately 200,000 inhabitants in the urban area in 2016.[52]

    • Ezekiel then prophesies the conquest of Egypt, the scattering of its entire population (it was to be uninhabited for 40 years), and Nebuchadnezzar plundering Egypt (Ezekiel 29:3 – Ezekiel 30:26).
    This includes the claim that God will make Egypt so weak that it will never again rule over other nations.[53] Pharaoh Amasis II (who drove off Nebuchadnezzar) also conquered Cyprus,[54] ruling it until 545 BC.[55] Despite being a powerful nation in ancient times, Egypt has since been ruled by the Persians, Greeks, Romans, Byzantine Empire, Ottomans, British and the French,[56] and has also enjoyed periods of independence from external rule. During the Hellenistic period, the break-up of the empire of Alexander the Great left the Ptolemaic Dynasty (of Macedonian/Greek origin) as rulers of Egypt: the Ptolemies then conquered and ruled Cyrenaica (now northeastern Libya), Palestine, and Cyprus at various times.[57] (see also History of Ptolemaic Egypt and Ptolemaic kingdom).

    There is some uncertainty among modern scholars regarding when (and by whom) various portions of the Book of Ezekiel were written,[58] making the timing of prophecies difficult to unravel (see Book of Ezekiel).

    Nebuchadnezzar invaded Egypt around 568 BC. However, the armies of Pharaoh Amasis II defeated the Babylonians (though the author did not elaborate and there are no known detailed accounts of this invasion).[59] Herodotus reports that this Pharaoh had a long and prosperous reign.[60] The Egyptians were conquered by the Persians in 525 BC.[61]

    Minor prophets[edit]
    • Amos prophesied that when Israel is restored they will possess the remnant of Edom. (Amos 9:12)
    • Obadiah prophesied that Israel will destroy the house of Esau in the day of the Lord. (Obadiah18)
    • Zechariah prophesied; "Never again will an oppressor overrun my people, for now I am keeping watch." (Zechariah 9:8)
    • The river of Ancient Egypt (identified as the Nile in NIV, NASB, and RSV) shall dry up. (Zechariah 10:11)
    • Haggai prophesied; "In a little while God will shake the heavens, and the earth, and the sea, and the dry land." (Haggai 2:6)
    • Malachi prophesied that God would send Elijah before "the great and dreadful day of the LORD" in which the world will be consumed by fire. (Malachi 3:1, 4:1, 5) (In Mark 9:13 and Matthew 17:11–13, Jesus states that John the Baptist fulfilled the prophecy as the spiritual successor to Elijah.)
    Greek New Testament[edit]
    See also: Futurism (Christianity), Historicism (Christianity), Idealism (Christian eschatology), and Preterism
    Gospels[edit]
    Further information: Abomination of desolation, Olivet Discourse, and Second Coming
    • In Matthew 10, when Jesus sent forth the twelve disciples, he told them:
    "When you are persecuted in one place, flee to another. I tell you the truth, you will not finish going through the cities of Israel before the Son of Man comes." (Matthew 10:23)

    The Christian response is varied:

    Moffatt puts it "before the Son of man arrives" as if Jesus referred to this special tour of Galilee. Jesus could overtake them. Possibly so, but it is by no means clear. Some refer it to the Transfiguration, others to the coming of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost, others to the Second Coming. Some hold that Matthew has put the saying in the wrong context. Others bluntly say that Jesus was mistaken, a very serious charge to make in his instructions to these preachers. The use of ἑως [heōs] with aorist subjunctive for a future event is a good Greek idiom.[62]

    Preterist scholars explain this verse as referring to the destruction of the Jerusalem temple in 70 AD with the phrase "before the Son of Man comes" meaning before judgment comes upon the nation of Israel and the city of Jerusalem for rejecting Jesus Christ as The Messiah. They reject to refer Matthew 10:23 to the second coming of Jesus because Jesus speaks to his disciples about the towns of Israel:

    Such a view completely divorces the passage from its immediate and localized context, such as the fact that this was an admonition to the apostles – and not directed to a generation several millennia removed from the first century.[63]

    The Wycliffe Bible Commentary disagrees with this view:

    In the similar context of Mt 24:8–31 the great tribulation and the second advent are in view. Hence, the "coming of the Son of man" is probably eschatological here also. This would have been more readily understood by the disciples, who would hardly have thought to equate this "coming" with the destruction of Jerusalem in A.D. 70.[64]

    "as Jonas was three days and three nights in the whale's belly; so shall the Son of man be three days and three nights in the heart of the earth." (See also Matthew 16:21, 20:19, Mark 8:31, 9:31, 10:34, Luke 11:29–30 and John 2:19) According to Mark 15:42–46, Jesus was buried in Friday night and according to Matthew 28:1–6 and John 20:1, Jesus' tomb was found empty on Sunday dawn.

    It is customary for eastern nations to count part of a day as a whole 24-hour day.[65]

    For the Son of Man is going to come in his Father's glory with his angels, and then he will reward each person according to what he has done. I tell you the truth, some who are standing here will not taste death before they see the Son of Man coming in his kingdom.

    Christian responses have been varied:

    Some of them that stand here (τινες των ὁδε ἑστωτων [tines tōn hode hestōtōn]). A crux interpretum in reality. Does Jesus refer to the transfiguration, the resurrection of Jesus, the great day of Pentecost, the destruction of Jerusalem, the second coming and judgment? We do not know, only that Jesus was certain of his final victory which would be typified and symbolized in various ways.[66]

    Preterists respond that Jesus did not mean His second coming but a demonstration of His might when He says "coming in his kingdom". In this view, this was accomplished by the destruction of the Jerusalem temple in 70 AD when some of the Apostles were still living and thus fulfilling the word of Jesus that only some will not have died.[67] Others argue it refers to the Transfiguration.[68][69] The Wycliffe Bible Commentary states:

    This coming of the Son of Man in his kingdom is explained by some as the destruction of Jerusalem and by others as the beginning of the Church. But referring it to the Transfiguration meets the requirements of the context (all Synoptists follow this statement with the Transfiguration, Mk 9:1; Lk 9:27). Furthermore, Peter, who was one of those standing here, referred to the Transfiguration in the same words (II Pet 1:16–18). Chafer calls the Transfiguration a "preview of the coming kingdom on earth" (L. S. Chafer, Systematic Theology, V, 85).[70]

    • He also prophesies to Caiaphas (Matthew 26:64, KJV):
    Hereafter you will see the Son of Man sitting at the right hand of the Power, and coming on the clouds of heaven.

    The word "you will see" is in Greek "ὄψεσθε" [opheste, from the infinitive optomai][71] which is plural. Jesus meant that the Jews, and not just the high priest, will see his coming.

    • Jesus declared in Gospel accounts of Matthew, Luke and John that Peter would deny him three times before cock-crow. Mark states that the cock crowed after the first denial as well as after the third denial. (First crow is not found in the NIV version)
    Christians argue that the first cock-crow is simply missing from Matthew, Luke, and John. In Matthew (Matthew 26:34), Luke (Luke 22:34), and John (John 13:38), Jesus foretells three denials of Peter before cock-crow. Matthew 26:69–75, Luke 22:54–62, John 18:15–27 report the fulfillment of this prophecy. In Mark 14:30, Jesus speaks of two cock-crows, which is mentioned in Mark 14:66–72 as having taken place. Christians argue that Matthew, Luke, and John removed the first cock-crow and diminished (Luke even eliminated) the partial exit by Peter after the first denial (which Mark reports).[72] If Mark was the "interpreter of Peter",[73] he would have gotten his information directly and thus would be considered the more reliable source.

    • Matthew 24:1,2 states (cf Luke 21:6):
    Jesus left the temple and was walking away when his disciples came up to him to call his attention to its buildings. "Do you see all these things?" he asked. "I tell you the truth, not one stone here will be left on another; every one will be thrown down."

    Preterists claim these verses are metaphorical.[74] Others claim that the destruction of the temple in A.D. 70[75] fulfilled this despite the existence of the wailing wall.[76][77] The IVP Bible Background Commentary states:

    Some stones were left on others (e.g., part of one wall still stands), but this fact does not weaken the force of the hyperbole: the temple was almost entirely demolished in A.D. 70.[78]

    The parts of the wall Jesus refers to in the verse may not have included the wailing wall. Recent archaeological evidence suggest that the wailing wall part of the temple complex was not completed until an uncertain date in or after 16 A.D.[79]

    • Matthew 24:7–8 is part of Jesus response to the disciples in verse 5 asking, "when will this happen, and what will be the sign of your coming and of the end of the age?" It states:
    Nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom. There will be famines and earthquakes in various places. All these are the beginning of birth pains.

    The famines part of this verse has often been associated with the third seal of Revelation (Rev. 6:5–6), and the pestilences and earthquakes aspect has often been associated with the fourth seal of Revelation (Rev. 6:7–8).[80][81] The presence of the term birthpains could be representative of better times ahead.[80] Scholars point out that these events have always been on earth, so the verse must refer to a significant increase in the intensity of them.[81]

    There are also instances of erroneous, or untraceable, quotations from the prophets cited by the early Christians:

    • Matthew 27:9 paraphrases Zechariah 11:12 and 13 in relation to buying a field for 30 pieces of silver, but attributes it as a saying of Jeremiah. Jeremiah is described as buying a field (Jeremiah 32:6–9) but for seventeen shekels of silver rather than 30.
    Christian writers have given several responses. First is that the use of Jeremiah is meant to refer to all the books of prophecy. Second is that although Jeremiah said this, any record has not survived. Third is this was the result of a scribal error because of the single letter difference in the abridged versions of the names.

    • Matthew 2:23 refers to a prophecy being fulfilled by Jesus living in Nazareth which is not found in the Old Testament.
    Christians have given several responses. First is that this prophecy has not survived to the present day. Second is the Greek word nazaret does not mean Nazarene but is related to the Hebrew word netzer which can be translated as 'branch'. Third is that the verse is not a prophetic saying but simply reflects an Old Testament requirement for the Messiah to be held in contempt, (Psalm 22:6–8; 69:9–11, 19–21; Isaiah 53:2–4, 7–9) which they argue Nazarenes were (John 1:46; John 7:52).[82]

    Some scholars respond that this is because the Malachi reference was just an introduction,[83] which made it significantly less important than Isaiah 40:3, leading to the whole being attributed to the prophet Isaiah. Other reasons given are Isaiah's authority was considered higher than Malachi and the Isaiah text was better known.[84][85]

    Letters of Paul[edit]
    ...we tell you that we who are still alive, who are left till the coming of the Lord, will certainly not precede those who have fallen asleep. For the Lord himself will come down from heaven, with a loud command, with the voice of the archangel and with the trumpet call of God, and the dead in Christ will rise first. After that, we who are still alive and are left will be caught up together with them in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air. And so we will be with the Lord forever. (1 Thessalonians 4:15–17)

    Christians argue that Paul speaks about his own presence at the last day only hypothetically.[86] They point out Paul later states the Day of the Lord comes like a thief (1 Thessalonians 5:1–2) which is a word Jesus uses himself (Matthew 24:43–44) expressing the impossibility of predicting His second coming (Matthew 24:36).[87]

    • Paul prophesied in 1 Thessalonians 5:2–11: "For you know very well that the day of the Lord will come like a thief in the night. While people are saying, Peace and safety, destruction will come on them suddenly, as labor pains on a pregnant woman, and they will not escape."
    • In 2 Thessalonians 2:3–4, Paul prophesied that the Man of sin would sit in the temple of God declaring himself as God. The Temple in Jerusalem was destroyed in 70 AD.
    There are different attempts to explain the term "to take his seat in the temple of God". Some understand it as a divine attribute which the man of lawlessness arrogates to himself and hence no conclusion can be drawn for time and place.[88] Many in the early Church, such as Irenaeus, Hippolytus of Rome, Origen and Cyril of Jerusalem, believed a literal Temple would be rebuilt by the Antichrist before the Lord's Second Coming whereas Jerome and John Chrysostom referred the Temple to the Church.[89] Also some today's scholars refer the phrase "God's temple" to the Church pointing out that Paul used this term five other times outside 2 Thessalonians and does not refer it to a literal temple.[90]

    • 1 Timothy 4:1–3 says "in the latter times some shall depart from the faith, giving heed to seducing spirits, and doctrines of devils; Speaking lies in hypocrisy; having their conscience seared with a hot iron; Forbidding to marry, and commanding to abstain from meats, which God hath created to be received with thanksgiving of them which believe and know the truth".
    The Church fathers such as John Chrysostom who lived at the time of Gnostics, the Marcionites, the Encratites, the Manicheans—who rejected Christian marriage and the eating of because they believed that all flesh was from an evil principle—asserted this text referred to such sects and that they were therefore "in the latter times".[91][92] The Protestant theologian John Gill[93] believed that this refers to the Canon Law of the Catholic Church, particularly priestly celibacy and Lent as promulgated by the medieval church. (see Great Apostasy)

    • Paul wrote in Romans 13:11,12: "...our salvation is nearer now than when we first believed. The night is nearly over; the day is almost here."
    Some Christian scholars believe the verses 11–14 refer to the era of salvation beginning with Christ's resurrection[94] and its coming fulfillment on the last day.[95] Thus, they think that the claim Paul makes here about salvation is a claim every Christian and not only Paul in his time can affirm.[96] Some see this verse as indicating that there are no prophesied or salvation events before the Lord comes.[97] Those holding the belief that Paul has a longer time span in view point to its context after Romans 11, which describes the repentance of all of Israel in future.[97] They also point to Paul's plan to visit Rome and more western places in Romans 15 as indicating that he did not believe Christ's return would be soon enough to simply wait for it.[97]

    Other New Testament books[edit]
    Revelation[edit]
    The word "soon" (other translations use "shortly" or "quickly") does not have to be understood in the sense of close future. The Norwegian scholar Thorleif Boman explained that the Israelites, unlike Europeans or people in the West, did not understand time as something measurable or calculable according to Hebrew thinking but as something qualitative:

    We have examined the ideas underlying the expression of calculable time and more than once have found that the Israelites understood time as something qualitative, because for them time is determined by its content. [101]

    ...the Semitic concept of time is closely coincident with that of its content without which time would be quite impossible. The quantity of duration completely recedes behind the characteristic feature that enters with time or advances in it. Johannes Pedersen comes to the same conclusion when he distinguishes sharply between the Semitic understanding of time and ours. According to him, time is for us an abstraction since we distinguish time from the events that occur in time. The ancient Semites did not do this; for them time is determined by its content.[102]

    Messianic prophecies in Judaism[edit]
    Main article: Jewish messianism
    The following are the scriptural requirements in Judaism concerning the Messiah, his actions, and his reign. Jewish sources insist that the Messiah will fulfill the prophecies outright. Some Christians maintain that some of these prophecies are associated with a putative second coming while Jewish scholars state there is no concept of a second coming in the Hebrew Bible.

    • The Sanhedrin will be re-established. (Isaiah 1:26)[103]
    • Once he is King, leaders of other nations will look to him for guidance. (Isaiah 2:4)[103]
    • The whole world will worship the One God of Israel. (Isaiah 2:17) [103]
    • Jews will return to full Torah observance and practice it.[103]
    • He will be descended from King David. (Isaiah 11:1) via Solomon (1 Chron. 22:8–10)[104]
    • The Messiah will be a man of this world, an observant Jew with "fear of God". (Isaiah 11:2)[103]
    • Evil and tyranny will not be able to stand before his leadership. (Isaiah 11:4)[103]
    • Knowledge of God will fill the world. (Isaiah 11:9)[103]
    • He will include and attract people from all cultures and nations. (Isaiah 11:10)[103]
    • All Israelites will be returned to the Land of Israel. (Isaiah 11:12)[103]
    • Death will be swallowed up forever. There will be no more hunger or illness, and death will cease. (Isaiah 25:8) [103]
    • All of the dead will rise again. According to the Zohar this will happen forty years after the arrival of the Messiah. (Isaiah 26:19) [103]
    • The Jewish people will experience eternal joy and gladness. (Isaiah 51:11)[103]
    • He will be a messenger of peace. (Isaiah 52:7) [103]
    • Nations will end up recognizing the wrongs they did to Israel. (Isaiah 52:13 – 53:5)[103]
    • The peoples of the world will turn to the Jews for spiritual guidance. (Zechariah 8:23)[103]
    • The ruined cities of Israel will be restored. (Ezekiel 16:55)[103]
    • Weapons of war will be destroyed. (Ezekiel 39:9) [103]
    • The Temple will be rebuilt. (Ezekiel 40) resuming many of the suspended 613 commandments.[103]
    • He will rebuild the Jewish Temple in Jerusalem. (Micah 4:1)[104]
    • He will gather the Jewish people from exile and return them to Israel. (Isaiah 11:12, 27:12,13)[104]
    • He will bring world peace. (Isaiah 2:4, Isaiah 11:6, Micah 4:3)[104]
    • He will influence the entire world to acknowledge and serve one God. (Isaiah 11:9, Isaiah 40:5, Zephaniah 3:9) [104]
    • He will then perfect the entire world to serve God together. (Zephaniah 3:9) [103]
    • He will give you all the worthy desires of your heart. (Psalms 37:4) [103]
    • He will take the barren land and make it abundant and fruitful. (Isaiah 51:3, Amos 9:13–15, Ezekiel 36:29,30, Isaiah 11:6–9)[103]
    Jesus[edit]
    While Christian biblical scholars have cited the following as prophecies referencing the life, status, and legacy of Jesus, Jewish scholars maintain that these passages are not messianic prophecies and are based on mistranslations/misunderstanding of the Hebrew texts.

    • Deuteronomy 18:18
    • Isaiah 7:14 – Matthew 1:22,23 states "The virgin will be with child and will give birth to a son, and they will call him Immanuel" — which means, "God with us". However the Jewish translation of that passage reads "Behold, the young woman is with child and will bear a son and she will call his name Immanuel."[104] Isaiah chapter 7 speaks of a prophecy made to the Jewish King Ahaz to allay his fears of two invading kings (those of Damascus and of Samaria) who were preparing to invade Jerusalem, about 600 years before Jesus’ birth. Isaiah 7:16: "For before the boy will know enough to refuse evil and choose good, the land whose two kings you dread will be forsaken."
    • Isaiah 53 – According to many Christians, the suffering servant mentioned in this chapter is actually a reference to the crucifixion and suffering of Jesus on the cross to atone for the sins of mankind.
    • Isaiah 9:1,2 – In Isaiah, the passage describes how Assyrian invaders are increasingly aggressive as they progress toward the sea, while Matthew 4:13–15 has re-interpreted the description as a prophecy stating that Jesus would progress (without any hint of becoming more aggressive) toward Galilee. While Matthew uses the Septuagint rendering of Isaiah, in the Masoretic text it refers to the region of the gentiles rather than Galilee of the nations.
    • Daniel 9:24–27 – King James Version puts a definite article before "Messiah the Prince". (Daniel 9:25) The original Hebrew text does not read "the Messiah the Prince", but, having no article, it is to be rendered "a mashiach, a prince". The word mashiach["anointed one", "messiah"] is nowhere used in the Jewish Scriptures as a proper name, but as a title of authority of a king or a high priest. Therefore, a correct rendering of the original Hebrew should be: "an anointed one, a prince."[105]
    • Hosea 11:1 – Matthew 2:14 states, "So he got up, took the child and his mother during the night and left for Egypt, where he stayed until the death of Herod. And so was fulfilled what the Lord had said through the prophet: 'Out of Egypt I called my son.'" However, that passage reads, "When Israel was a child, I loved him, and out of Egypt I called my son."
    • Psalm 22:16 – The NIV renders this verse as "they have pierced my hands and my feet", based on the Septuagint. However, there is some controversy over this translation, since the Hebrew Masoretic Text reads כארי ידי ורגלי ("like a lion my hands and my feet").[106] If the NIV translation is correct, however, then it would also be a prophecy of crucifixion since the original text was written before the Persians had invented the first early stages of crucifixition.
    • Psalm 16:10
    • Psalm 34:20 - States that none of the messiah's bones will be broken. In John 19:31-33, during the crucifixion of Jesus Christ, the Jews asked the Roman governor Pontius Pilate to break the legs of those who were being crucified because it was the Sabbath day. When breaking the legs of the two who were crucified with Jesus, they had come to Jesus and they had found that he was already dead and did not break his legs. Thus many Christians believe that this event is the fulfillment of this prophecy.
    • Psalm 69:21
    • Isaiah 9:6 – The verse reads: "For unto us a child is born, unto us a son is given: and the government shall be upon his shoulder: and his name shall be called Wonderful, Counselor, The mighty God, The everlasting Father, The Prince of Peace."
    • Psalm 110:1 – Matthew 22:44 states "The Lord said to my Lord: Sit at my right hand until I put your enemies under your feet." Although Hebrew has no capital letters, the Hebrew translation of that passage reads "The Lord said to my lord" indicating that it is not speaking of God.
    • Micah 5:2 – Matthew 2:6 quotes this prophecy as fulfillment of the prophecy: "But you, Bethlehem, in the land of Judah, are by no means least among the rulers of Judah; for out of you will come a ruler who will be the shepherd of my people Israel." The verse in the Old Testament reads "But you, Bethlehem Ephrathah, though you are small among the clans of Judah, out of you will come for me one who will be ruler over Israel, whose origins are from of old, from ancient times." It describes the clan of Bethlehem, who was the son of Caleb's second wife, Ephrathah. (1 Chr. 2:18, 2:50–52, 4:4)
    • Zechariah 12:10 – According to many Christians this passage predicts the people looking on the Messiah whom they have pierced, while God's grace is being poured out on the House of David (Israel) and the city of Jerusalem.
    • Zechariah 9:9 – The Gospel of Matthew describes Jesus' triumphant entry on Palm Sunday as a fulfillment of this verse in Zechariah. Matthew describes the prophecy in terms of a colt and a separate donkey, whereas the original only mentions the colt. Matthew 21:1–5 reads:
      Saying unto them, Go into the village over against you, and straightway ye shall find an ass tied, and a colt with her: loose them, and bring them unto me. All this was done, that it might be fulfilled which was spoken by the prophet, saying, Tell ye the daughter of Sion, Behold, thy King cometh unto thee, meek, and sitting upon an ass, and a colt the foal of an ass

      . The Hebrew translation of the prophecy reads:
      Rejoice greatly, O Daughter of Zion!/Shout, Daughter of Jerusalem/See, your king comes to you/righteous and having salvation/gentle and riding on a donkey/on a colt, the foal of a donkey.
    The gospels of Mark, Luke, and John state Jesus sent his disciples after only one animal. (Mark 11:1–7, Luke 19:30–35, John 12: 14,15) Critics claim this is a contradiction with some mocking the idea of Jesus riding two animals at the same time. A response is that the text allows for Jesus to have ridden on a colt that was accompanied by a donkey, perhaps its mother.[107]

    • Matthew 2:17,18 gives the killing of innocents by Herod as the fulfillment of a prophecy in Jeremiah 31:15–23: "A voice is heard in Ramah, weeping and great mourning, Rachel weeping for her children and refusing to be comforted because they are no more. (The phrase "because her children are no more" refers to the captivity of Rachel's children. The subsequent verses describe their return to Israel.)
    • II Samuel 7:14 – Hebrews 1:5 quotes this verse as, "I will be his Father, and he will be my Son.".
     
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