Not unless his peripheral vision was good https://moon.nasa.gov/resources/135/a-flag-points-home/ Apollo 17 astronaut Jack Schmitt with the U.S. flag and the Earth in the sky. Taken during the mission's first EVA on the lunar surface on December 19, 1972.
Of course they could see Earth from the lunar surface. From lunar orbit, as well. For a period of 4 or 5 years I saw the pics frequently in mainstream press. Wherever did you get the idea that there were no pics? I was going to post the excellent pic of Jack Schmitt , flag, and Earth from the Apollo 17 mission but @ph1l beat me to it.
This is the kind of guy who deserves to get punched in the face by a 72 year old Buzz Aldrin. Bet he could still take him today at 90.