A New Kelly Formula

Discussion in 'Risk Management' started by kut2k2, May 4, 2015.

  1. Well, let's see. Consider a simple case of a trading strategy which always loses, ether 1%, or 2%, with equal probability.

    The classically defined Kelly Criterion would prescribe betting 0% of one's capital on this strategy, which makes total sense. Your version would compute Kelly equal to 75, which makes no sense at all.
     
    Last edited: May 7, 2015
    #11     May 7, 2015
  2. kut2k2

    kut2k2

    Thanks for pointing that out. Fortunately, this is an easy fix:

    Nk = max[0, s1]*(s2*s2 - s1*s3)/(s2*s2*s2 + s1*s1*s4 - 2*s1*s2*s3)
     
    Last edited: May 7, 2015
    #12     May 7, 2015
    nitro likes this.
  3. That's better. However, something fundamental is still missing. Consider trading strategy TS with returns:
    R(TS): {+20%, -5%}

    Your formula would compute Kelly equal to 7.5%. That's way too small for this distribution. Intuitively, it should be much higher, somewhere around 95% or so.
     
    Last edited: May 7, 2015
    #13     May 7, 2015
  4. kut2k2

    kut2k2

    The formula computes 7.5, not 7.5%
     
    #14     May 7, 2015
  5. Ok, so what is the meaning of that 7.5? Borrow 650% of your stake, and bet everything on every trade?
     
    #15     May 7, 2015
  6. kut2k2

    kut2k2

    Of course. The most you could lose on any single trade is 5%, which means you'd have to trade 20 times your account to risk losing it all at once. You're only trading 7.5 times your account. When you lose, you lose 37.5%, but when you win, you gain 150%. These are equally likely outcomes.
     
    #16     May 7, 2015
  7. That's not how I would calculate it, as a trader. If I borrow 6.5 times of my equity, and bet the entire amount on every trade, it would take only 2 losing trades in a row to experience a 73% drawdown on my equity, with this particular strategy. And after only 3 losing trades in a row, you would in all likelihood get a margin call, at which point you would be totally wiped out.
     
    Last edited: May 7, 2015
    #17     May 7, 2015
  8. kut2k2

    kut2k2

    Two loses in a row will give you a 61% drawdown on your equity. And if your luck is so bad that you experience a string of losses in the beginning (with no compensating wins) enough to wipe you out, that's prolly a sign that you shouldn't be trading. :p
     
    #18     May 7, 2015
  9. Let's see. Suppose my equity is $100K. Then I borrow $650K, and bet the entire available amount on every trade.

    -- after losing trade #1, my equity is 750,000 * 0.95 - 650,000 = $62,500
    -- after losing trade #2, my equity is 712,500 * 0.95 - 650,000 = $26,875

    So, I had 100K, and ended up with $26,875. That's a 73% drawdown on equity after 2 trades. And after 1 more losing trade, my equity would go negative, which would generate a margin call. At that point, I would be forced to return the entire borrowed capital, and my equity would be entirely wiped out.

    Now compare this to a well known, "standard" solution. The continuous Kelly (developed by Edward Thorp) would be about 2.4. Taking the conventional "quarter Kelly" would evaluate to 2.4 * 0.25 = 0.6. That is, with this this particular strategy, you should bet 60% of your account size. That's quite reasonable, given the distribution. Your formula gives the Kelly 12.5 times larger than that.
     
    Last edited: May 7, 2015
    #19     May 7, 2015
  10. kut2k2

    kut2k2

    OK, this is my last post on this sub-topic .

    After one loss, your drawdown is 1-(1-.05*7.5) = 37.5%
    After 2 losses, your drawdown is 1-(1-.05*7.5)^2 = 61%
    After 3 losses, your drawdown is 1-(1-.05*7.5)^3 = 76%
    After 4 losses, your drawdown is 1-(1-.05*7.5)^4 = 85%
    After 5 losses, your drawdown is 1-(1-.05*7.5)^5 = 90.5%

    More importantly, your expectation is √((1+.20*7.5)*(1-.05*7.5)) = 1.25 : when you bet 7.5 times your equity in [ +.20, -.05 ], you can expect to gain 25 cents on average for every equity dollar wagered.

    Thorp's ratio = mu/sigma^2.
    Mu = .5*.2 - .5*.05 = .075 ; sigma^2 = 0.015625
    Thorp's ratio = 4.8

    Thorp's expectation = √((1+.2*4.8)*(1-.05*4.8)) = 1.2204917 :
    When you bet 4.8 times your equity, you can expect to gain 22 cents on average for every equity dollar wagered.

    That is all.
     
    Last edited: May 7, 2015
    #20     May 7, 2015