Really interesting read - much of the analysis is pay walled, but the free portion is pretty interesting. https://www.visualcapitalist.com/worlds-top-endowment-funds/
Finding a balance between managing wealth and ensuring affordable and accessible education is crucial, particularly in light of the growing problem of student debt.
Top 100 Largest Sovereign Wealth = $11,466,371,647,638 1. Norway Government Pension Fund Global $1,371,813,762,200 Sovereign Wealth Fund Europe 2. China Investment Corporation $1,350,863,000,000 Sovereign Wealth Fund Asia 3. SAFE Investment Company $1,019,600,000,000 Sovereign Wealth Fund Asia 4. Abu Dhabi Investment Authority $853,000,000,000 Sovereign Wealth Fund Middle East 5. Kuwait Investment Authority $750,000,000,000 Sovereign Wealth Fund Middle East 6. GIC Private Limited $690,000,000,000 Sovereign Wealth Fund Asia 7. Public Investment Fund $650,000,000,000 Sovereign Wealth Fund Middle East 8. Hong Kong Monetary Authority Investment Portfolio $514,223,020,000 Sovereign Wealth Fund Asia 9. Temasek Holdings $496,593,722,700 Sovereign Wealth Fund Asia 10. Qatar Investment Authority $475,000,000,000 Sovereign Wealth Fund Middle East 11. National Council for Social Security Fund Sovereign Wealth Fund Asia 12. Investment Corporation of Dubai Sovereign Wealth Fund Middle East 13. Mubadala Investment Company Sovereign Wealth Fund Middle East 14. Turkey Wealth Fund Sovereign Wealth Fund Middle East 15. Korea Investment Corporation Sovereign Wealth Fund Asia 16. Abu Dhabi Developmental Holding Company Sovereign Wealth Fund Middle East 17. National Welfare Fund Sovereign Wealth Fund Europe 18. Future Fund Sovereign Wealth Fund Australia and Pacific 19. Alberta Investment Management Corporation Sovereign Wealth Fund North America 20. Emirates Investment Authority Sovereign Wealth Fund Middle East 21. Alaska Permanent Fund Corporation Sovereign Wealth Fund North America 22. Samruk-Kazyna Sovereign Wealth Fund Asia 23. Brunei Investment Agency Sovereign Wealth Fund Asia 24. Libyan Investment Authority Sovereign Wealth Fund Africa 25. University of Texas Investment Management Company Sovereign Wealth Fund North America 26. Texas Permanent School Fund Sovereign Wealth Fund North America 27. Kazakhstan National Fund Sovereign Wealth Fund Asia 28. State Oil Fund of Azerbaijan Sovereign Wealth Fund Asia 29. Ethiopian Investment Holdings Sovereign Wealth Fund Africa 30. Khazanah Nasional Sovereign Wealth Fund Asia 31. New Zealand Superannuation Fund Sovereign Wealth Fund Australia and Pacific 32. New Mexico State Investment Council Sovereign Wealth Fund North America 33. CNIC Corporation Limited Sovereign Wealth Fund Asia 34. Hong Kong Future Fund Sovereign Wealth Fund Asia 35. Russian Direct Investment Fund Sovereign Wealth Fund Europe 36. Nuclear Waste Disposal Fund Sovereign Wealth Fund Europe 37. Wyoming State Loan and Investment Board Sovereign Wealth Fund North America 38. Fund for Reconstruction and Development of Uzbekistan Sovereign Wealth Fund Asia 39. Azerbaijan Investment Holding Sovereign Wealth Fund Asia 40. Mumtalakat Holding Sovereign Wealth Fund Middle East 41. Malta Government Investments Sovereign Wealth Fund Europe 42. Oman Investment Authority Sovereign Wealth Fund Middle East 43. Timor-Leste Petroleum Fund Sovereign Wealth Fund Australia and Pacific 44. Revenue Regulation Fund Sovereign Wealth Fund Africa 45. Ireland Strategic Investment Fund Sovereign Wealth Fund Europe 46. Sociedad Estatal de Participaciones Industriales Sovereign Wealth Fund Europe 47. Sovereign Fund of Egypt Sovereign Wealth Fund Middle East 48. NSW Generations Fund Sovereign Wealth Fund Australia and Pacific 49. National Development Fund of Iran Sovereign Wealth Fund Middle East 50. North Dakota Legacy Fund Sovereign Wealth Fund North America 51. Solidium Sovereign Wealth Fund Europe 52. Monaco Constitutional Reserve Fund Sovereign Wealth Fund Europe 53. Hellenic Corporation of Assets and Participations S.A. Sovereign Wealth Fund Europe 54. Social and Economic Stabilization Fund Sovereign Wealth Fund Latin America 55. Chile Pension Reserve Fund Sovereign Wealth Fund Latin America 56. Heritage and Stabilization Fund Sovereign Wealth Fund North America 57. Indonesia Investment Authority Sovereign Wealth Fund Asia 58. Pula Fund Sovereign Wealth Fund Africa 59. Vaekstfonden Sovereign Wealth Fund Europe 60. Oesterreichische Beteiligungs AG Sovereign Wealth Fund Europe 61. Hong Kong Investment Corporation Sovereign Wealth Fund Asia 62. Colombia Savings and Stabilization Fund Sovereign Wealth Fund Latin America 63. Japan Investment Corporation Sovereign Wealth Fund Asia 64. Alabama Trust Fund Sovereign Wealth Fund North America 65. Regional Investment Company of Wallonia Sovereign Wealth Fund Europe 66. Idaho Endowment Fund Investment Board Sovereign Wealth Fund North America 67. SFPI-FPIM Sovereign Wealth Fund Europe 68. Utah SITFO Sovereign Wealth Fund North America 69. State Capital Investment Corporation Sovereign Wealth Fund Asia 70. Nigeria Sovereign Investment Authority Sovereign Wealth Fund Africa 71. Fundo Soberano de Angola Sovereign Wealth Fund Africa 72. Royal Bafokeng Holdings Sovereign Wealth Fund Africa 73. Mauritius Investment Corporation Sovereign Wealth Fund Africa 74. Sharjah Asset Management Sovereign Wealth Fund Middle East 75. Oklahoma Tobacco Settlement Endowment Trust Sovereign Wealth Fund North America 76. Mohammed VI Investment Fund Morocco Sovereign Wealth Fund Africa 77. Louisiana Education Quality Trust Fund Sovereign Wealth Fund North America 78. Sentosa Development Corporation Sovereign Wealth Fund Asia 79. Fondo de Ahorro de Panama Sovereign Wealth Fund Latin America 80. Guyana Natural Resource Fund Sovereign Wealth Fund Latin America 81. Fondo Mexicano del Petroleo Sovereign Wealth Fund Latin America 82. Colorado Public School Fund Investment Board Sovereign Wealth Fund North America 83. Mexico Budgetary Income Stabilization Fund Sovereign Wealth Fund Latin America 84. Slovenian Sovereign Holding Sovereign Wealth Fund Europe 85. Armenian National Interests Fund Sovereign Wealth Fund Asia 86. Western Australian Future Fund Sovereign Wealth Fund Australia and Pacific 87. Palestine Investment Fund Sovereign Wealth Fund Middle East 88. Senegal FONSIS Sovereign Wealth Fund Africa 89. Fondo Strategico Nazionale del Made in Italy Sovereign Wealth Fund Europe 90. National Development and Social Fund (Malta) Sovereign Wealth Fund Europe 91. Ghana Heritage Fund Sovereign Wealth Fund Africa 92. Bahrain Future Generations Reserve Fund Sovereign Wealth Fund Middle East 93. Kiribati Revenue Equalization Reserve Fund Sovereign Wealth Fund Australia and Pacific 94. Israeli Citizens Fund Sovereign Wealth Fund Middle East 95. Fujairah Holding Sovereign Wealth Fund Middle East 96. Luxembourg Intergenerational Sovereign Fund Sovereign Wealth Fund Europe 97. Fund for Productive Industrial Revolution Sovereign Wealth Fund Latin America 98. Native Hawaiian Trust Fund Sovereign Wealth Fund North America 99. Sovereign Fund of the Republic of Kosovo Sovereign Wealth Fund Europe 100. Ghana Infrastructure Investment Fund Sovereign Wealth Fund Africa Public Pension Funds: $20,747,997,645,251 1. Social Security Trust Funds $2,838,183,544,330 Public Pension North America 2. Government Pension Investment Fund Japan $1,440,075,375,418 Public Pension Asia 3. Military Retirement Fund $1,279,144,150,000 Public Pension North America 4. Caisse des Depots $1,112,376,809,500 Public Pension Europe 5. Federal Employees Retirement System $835,807,840,000 Public Pension North America 6. Federal Retirement Thrift Investment Board $782,292,000,000 Public Pension North America 7. National Pension Service of Korea $711,103,790,415 Public Pension Asia 8. Stichting Pensioenfonds ABP $522,055,436,000 Public Pension Europe 9. Zenkyoren $475,469,301,000 Public Pension Asia 10. California Public Employees Retirement System $452,682,554,680 Public Pension North America 11. Canada Pension Plan Investment Board Public Pension North America 12. Central Provident Fund Public Pension Asia 13. Caisse de depot et placement du Quebec Public Pension North America 14. General Organization for Social Insurance Public Pension Middle East 15. California State Teachers Retirement System Public Pension North America 16. New York State Common Retirement Fund Public Pension North America 17. PGGM Public Pension Europe 18. Malaysia Employees Provident Fund Public Pension Asia 19. Florida State Board of Administration Public Pension North America 20. Ontario Teachers Pension Plan Public Pension North America 21. Teacher Retirement System of Texas Public Pension North America 22. Swedish Pensions Agency Public Pension Europe 23. PSP Investments Public Pension North America 24. Chikyoren Public Pension Asia 25. British Columbia Investment Management Corporation Public Pension North America 26. State of Wisconsin Investment Board Public Pension North America 27. Shokibo Kigyo Kyosai Public Pension Asia 28. Employees Provident Fund Organization of India Public Pension Asia 29. Washington State Investment Board Public Pension North America 30. Taiwan Bureau of Labor Funds Public Pension Asia 31. Public Investment Corporation Public Pension Africa 32. Civil Service Retirement System Public Pension North America 33. Healthcare of Ontario Pension Plan Public Pension North America 34. Hong Kong Mandatory Provident Fund Public Pension Asia 35. Ohio Public Employees Retirement System Public Pension North America 36. Public Institution for Social Security Public Pension Middle East 37. New York State Teachers Retirement System Public Pension North America 38. ATP Public Pension Europe 39. Minnesota State Board of Investment Public Pension North America 40. Amitim Public Pension Middle East 41. Bayerische Versorgungskammer Public Pension Europe 42. Japan Pension Fund Association Public Pension Asia 43. USS Investment Management Public Pension Europe 44. Ontario Municipal Employees Retirement System Public Pension North America 45. Virginia Retirement System Public Pension North America 46. PFA Holding Public Pension Europe 47. Shichousonren Public Pension Asia 48. Massachusetts Pension Reserves Investment Management Board Public Pension North America 49. Michigan Office of Retirement Services Public Pension North America 50. Regents of the University of California Public Pension North America 51. State Teachers Retirement System of Ohio Public Pension North America 52. New York City Retirement Systems Public Pension North America 53. New Jersey Division of Investment Public Pension North America 54. Teachers Retirement System of Georgia Public Pension North America 55. Caixa de Previdencia dos Funcionarios do Banco do Brasil Public Pension Latin America 56. Kommunal Landspensjonskasse Public Pension Europe 57. Pennsylvania Public School Employees Retirement System Public Pension North America 58. UN Investment Management Division Public Pension North America 59. Danica Pension Public Pension Europe 60. Japan Smaller Enterprise Retirement Allowance Mutual Aid Public Pension Asia 61. AP7 Public Pension Europe 62. Colorado Public Employees Retirement Association Public Pension North America 63. Keva Public Pension Europe 64. Los Angeles County Employees Retirement Association Public Pension North America 65. Illinois Teachers Retirement System Public Pension North America 66. Maryland State Retirement and Pension System Public Pension North America 67. Tennessee Consolidated Retirement System Public Pension North America 68. Agirc-Arrco Public Pension Europe 69. Kokkyoren Public Pension Asia 70. Missouri PEERS Public Pension North America 71. Pension Protection Fund Public Pension Europe 72. Illinois Municipal Retirement Fund Public Pension North America 73. Ilmarinen Mutual Pension Insurance Company Public Pension Europe 74. Public Employees Retirement System of Nevada Public Pension North America 75. Investment Management Corporation of Ontario Public Pension North America 76. Pension Fund for the Employees of the Affiliated Construction Public Corporation Public Pension Asia 77. Public Pension Agency, Saudi Arabia Public Pension Middle East 78. Arizona State Retirement System Public Pension North America 79. Fonds de Reserve Pour Les Retraites Public Pension Europe 80. Utah Retirement Systems Public Pension North America 81. Korean Teachers Credit Union Public Pension Asia 82. AP4 Public Pension Europe 83. AP3 Public Pension Europe 84. SamPension Public Pension Europe 85. National Authority for Social Insurance of Egypt Public Pension Middle East 86. RPMI Railpen Public Pension Europe 87. Japan Mutual Aid Association of Public School Teachers Public Pension Asia 88. PensionDanmark Public Pension Europe 89. Indiana Public Retirement System Public Pension North America 90. Swiss Federal Pension Fund PUBLICA Public Pension Europe 91. Connecticut Retirement Plans and Trust Funds Public Pension North America 92. AP1 Public Pension Europe 93. Iowa Public Employees Retirement System Public Pension North America 94. Social Security Office of Thailand Public Pension Asia 95. Pennsylvania State Employees Retirement System Public Pension North America 96. Folketrygdfondet Public Pension Europe 97. AP2 Public Pension Europe 98. Nebraska Investment Council Public Pension North America 99. Texas Municipal Retirement System Public Pension North America 100. South Carolina Retirement Systems Public Pension North America $20,747,997,645,251