Are brokers or the OCC obligated to exercise an ITM put into cash at the strike price if shares are not available to short, which is what usually occurs if the holder does nothing, right?
The OCC does not look to see if the shares are ETB or even Threshold. They are contractually obligated to follow their rules and your contract.
No. If you do not want to be short stock after expiration, sell your Put before or file an exception and not exercise and lose the premium.
So, if you do nada, you are short shares — briefly, technically, suddenly, whatever — even if there are no shares available for shorting? How does that happen? Is it just an accounting entry? But what if I don’t cover? These phantom shorts live on?
If your broker can’t borrow the shares, you will at some point have a REG SHO buy in. Also, many hard to borrow shares are expensive to carry over night.