its not the same becuase you are dealing with a circle not a square. In the case you named, D would not equal the radius but some distance shorter than the radius. The only time what you wrote is true is when you are dealing with 0 degree, 90,180,270
Lets make this easier. Assume that X1, Y1 is (0,0) and D is equal to 4 (whatever units you want doesnt matter). the formula is 4^2=X^2 + Y^2 In this case you can determine any X2 or Y2
Isnt this the story of Jack Hershey? taking the most easy shit and making it so complex that not even he understands it.